Pinguecula is thought to be caused by a combination of dry eyes and exposure to wind, dust, or ultraviolet light from the sun. For this reason, pinguecula is sometimes known as 'surfer’s eye', and it is most commonly found among people who live in tropical climates. Any constant irritation to the eye can lead to pinguecula, regardless of location or activity.
Treatment
Occasionally, pinguecula is confused with another form of eye growth called Pterygium. Sometimes the two are mentioned together, but they are distinct conditions. Pterygia is the growth of fleshy tissue that can start as a pinguecula, but it grows large enough to cover the cornea and affect vision. Pinguecula do not grow, do not cover the cornea, and do not affect vision.
The term 'pinguecula' refers to a pyramid-like growth that appears as a yellow discoloration on the conjunctiva. It is a deposit of protein, fat, or calcium that is found close to the edge of the cornea. In fact, the word 'pinguecula' comes from a Latin word that originally means 'fatty'.
They are caused when the eye is exposed to sand, dust, and ultraviolet rays. They are harmless and usually only require eye drops and better protection to dissipate and return the eye’s appearance to normal. Some patients might experience discomfort from the growths, so they might be prescribed special contact lenses. Surgery is an option, but it is mostly done for cosmetic purposes. More often than not, basic care will resolve pinguecula.
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